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Confidence in a synonymy relation

Confidence in the relation can be indicated by a boxed symbol superimposed over the lead line between the authority for the relation and the names that the authority considered related.


The lack of a symbol is used if the author indicated no degree of confidence.
Full confidence in relation is indicated by an asterisk (*).
Probability is indicated by the character p, and possibility by a question mark (?)
A plus sign (+) following the symbol a higher value, and a minus sign (-) indicates a lower value.
Symbols for levels of confidence are rendered in parentheses if inferred from a statement by the author and without parentheses if explicitly stated by the author



A) a questionable synonymy for Cerianthus vermicularis (E. Forbes)
B) a questionable synonymy for Cerianthus lloydii Gosse, 1859.
Both relations should be read: Gosse (1860) indicated the possible synonymy of Cerianthus vermicularis (Forbes in Johnston, 1847) with Cerianthus lloydii Gosse, 1859. In case B, Cerianthus vermicularis (E. Forbes) Gosse, 1860 is rendered on white because it is not part of the synonymy, but the name is listed because the name C. lloydii has questionably been applied to C. vermicularis.

How to add/change the confidence degree of a relation

This file was last updated on 6Mar2001

This application was developed by Adorian Ardelean
© Daphne G. Fautin. All rights reserved.